Abstract This study advances the understanding of nanofluid behaviour within stenosed arteries. highlighting the importance of considering multifaceted effects in the modelling process. It investigates the combined impact of pressure gradient variation. heat transfer. https://www.roneverhart.com/Asus-ROG-Zephyrus-GU502LV-BI7N8-15-6-4K-3840x2160-IPS-Intel-i7-10750H-2-6-GHz-16GB-1TB-SSD-NVIDIA-GeForce-RTX-2060-6G/